A watch-like device could help a range of health problems from dizziness caused bylow blood pressure to hot flushes and insomnia. All can be linked to problems with the body’s internal temperature-monitoring system.
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Internal temperature monitoring
The new Embr wrist device works by helping ‘reset’ the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for regulating this. The device acts on the body’s temperature sensors, located on the skin, to convince the brain that the temperature is lower or higher than it wrongly perceives it.
It works on the dense cluster of temperature receptors around the wrist, helping to re-educate the body’s internal temperature monitoring; resuming normal functioning can relieve symptoms. The treatment is based on thermoregulation, the process by which body temperature is kept at around 37°C even when it is very hot or cold outside.
Internal body temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus, an area of the brain that monitors it via the autonomic nervous system, which regulates a number of key body functions such as heart rate.
Thermoreceptors
Thermoreceptors on the skin all over the body send signals to the brain recording the local temperature. If skin temperature is sensed to be too low—on a winter’s day, for instance—the hypothalamus takes steps to ensure the body generates heat. If it’s too high, heat is given off or sweat produced to cool the skin.
But in some conditions, thermoregulation can go awry. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) causes an abnormal increase in the heart rate after standing up and a drop in blood pressure. It’s five times more common in women aged 15 to 50.
As well as lightheadeness or dizziness and palpitations, it can cause insomnia related to thermoregulation—patients over-react to heat or cold, affecting sleep.
Now, in a trial at Stanford University in the US, 30 patients with POTS and thermoregulation problems will be given the Embr device to wear continuously for four weeks to see if their symptoms improve. The device creates a 35-minute programme of cool or warm sensations delivered in a slow rhythm, picked up by skin receptors.
It’s thought the brain reacts to these changes to reduce or increase the sensation of heat or cold (in a similar way to putting ice on your arm to cool down). This effectively ‘re-tunes’ the brain to identify hot and cold correctly.
